# CJC-1295 References — Primary literature, FDA briefings, and WADA documents

> Numbered citation list for the CJC-1295 research record — every peer-reviewed paper, ClinicalTrials.gov registration, FDA PCAC briefing, and WADA list referenced across this site.

Numbered to match the [N] markers used inline throughout the site. Where the source is a regulatory document or a registry record, the DOI field carries the official identifier.

## Primary peer-reviewed literature

The seventeen citations below underpin every quantitative claim on this site. They include the original 2005 discovery paper, the Phase 1 and pulsatility papers of 2006, the GHRH-knockout mouse study, the 2009 serum-biomarker paper, the netnographic study of non-clinical use, the 2024 mass-spectrometry method paper, the foundational GHRH+GHRP synergy paper, the tesamorelin class-comparator paper, and the foundational sleep-architecture work. Regulatory citations follow: ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00267527, the two 2024 FDA PCAC briefings, and the 2025 WADA Prohibited List.

## Reading the citation list

Each entry includes authors, title, journal, year, DOI, and a PubMed or primary-source URL. Outbound links are limited to PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, FDA, WADA, and journal publisher domains. This site does not link to vendor or compounding-pharmacy sites and does not list product retailers.

Where two citations share the same DOI — entries [2], [3], and [8] all resolve to Teichman 2006 [2] or Jetté 2005 [1] — the duplication is editorial rather than bibliographic. The marker numbers track distinct claims (the Phase 1 efficacy result, the plasma half-life finding, the backbone substitution mechanism) drawn from the same underlying paper, so a reader scanning inline citations can see at a glance which specific finding each marker carries. The full bibliographic record collapses to ten unique peer-reviewed papers plus the ClinicalTrials.gov record, the two FDA PCAC briefings, the WADA standard, and the supporting class-comparator and sleep-architecture papers.

## Where to read further

The PubMed search link in the footer (`pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=CJC-1295`) returns the current peer-reviewed file and any new papers as they index. The ClinicalTrials.gov footer link goes directly to the NCT00267527 record for the terminated 2006 Phase 2 trial. The FDA briefing PDFs in entries [14] and [17] are public and stable; the WADA Prohibited List in entry [16] is updated annually. For the broader GHRH-analog class context, the tesamorelin literature is the natural comparator — entry [15] is a representative recent visceral-adipose-tissue endpoint paper.

## References

[1] Jetté L, Léger R, Thibaudeau K, Benquet C, Robitaille M, Pellerin I, Paradis V, van Wyk P, Pham K, Bridon DP. Human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF)1-29-albumin bioconjugates activate the GRF receptor on the anterior pituitary in rats: identification of CJC-1295 as a long-lasting GRF analog. Endocrinology. 2005;146(7):3052-3058. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15817669/
[2] Teichman SL, Neale A, Lawrence B, Gagnon C, Castaigne JP, Frohman LA. Prolonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2006;91(3):799-805. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16352683/
[3] Teichman SL, Neale A, Lawrence B, Gagnon C, Castaigne JP, Frohman LA. CJC-1295 plasma half-life across single-dose cohorts (30-250 μg/kg) in healthy adults — same dataset; half-life range 5.8 to 8.1 days. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2006;91(3):799-805. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16352683/
[4] Ionescu M, Frohman LA. Pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) persists during continuous stimulation by CJC-1295, a long-acting GH-releasing hormone analog. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2006;91(12):4792-4797. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17018654/
[5] Alba M, Fintini D, Sagazio A, Lawrence B, Castaigne JP, Frohman LA, Salvatori R. Once-daily administration of CJC-1295, a long-acting growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog, normalizes growth in the GHRH knockout mouse. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2006;291(6):E1290-E1294. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16822960/
[6] Sackmann-Sala L, Ding J, Frohman LA, Kopchick JJ. Activation of the GH/IGF-1 axis by CJC-1295, a long-acting GHRH analog, results in serum protein profile changes in normal adult subjects. Growth Hormone & IGF Research. 2009;19(6):471-477. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19386527/
[7] ConjuChem Biotechnologies Inc. Study to Evaluate CJC-1295 in HIV Patients With Visceral Obesity. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00267527. Trial terminated October 2006. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00267527
[8] Jetté L, Léger R, Thibaudeau K, et al. Mechanism notes — D-Ala², Gln⁸, Ala¹⁵, Leu²⁷ substitutions in modified GRF(1-29) confer resistance to DPP-4 cleavage; albumin tethering via the maleimide adds multi-day half-life on top of the ~30-minute non-DAC baseline. Endocrinology. 2005;146(7):3052-3058. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15817669/
[9] Bowers CY, Reynolds GA, Durham D, Barrera CM, Pezzoli SS, Thorner MO. Combined administration of GHRH and GHRP-6 acts in synergy on growth hormone release in humans. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 1990;70(4):975-982. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2107173/
[10] Henninge J, Pepaj M, Hullstein I, Hemmersbach P. Identification of CJC-1295, a growth-hormone-releasing peptide, in an unknown pharmaceutical preparation. Drug Testing and Analysis. 2010;2(11-12):647-650. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21204297/
[11] Van Hout MC, Hearne E. Netnography of female use of the synthetic growth hormone CJC-1295: pulses and potions. Substance Use & Misuse. 2016;51(2):247-256. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26771670/
[12] Thomas A, Walpurgis K, Tretzel L, Brinkkötter P, Fußhöller G, Görgens C, Geyer H, Thevis M. Chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of peptidic analytes (2-10 kDa) in doping control urine samples. Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 2024. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38197510/
[13] Steiger A, Guldner J, Hemmeter U, et al. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and sleep regulation. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1992;17(4):385-394. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1438644/
[14] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. October 29, 2024 Meeting of the Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee — Briefing Materials on CJC-1295. FDA-2024-N-4777. https://www.fda.gov/media/182088/download
[15] Stanley TL, Feldpausch MN, Oh J, Branch KL, Lee H, Torriani M, Grinspoon SK. Effects of tesamorelin on visceral fat and liver fat in HIV-infected patients with abdominal fat accumulation: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014;312(4):380-389. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25027139/
[16] World Anti-Doping Agency. World Anti-Doping Code International Standard — The 2025 Prohibited List. Section S2 — Peptide Hormones, Growth Factors, Related Substances, and Mimetics. https://www.wada-ama.org/en/prohibited-list
[17] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. December 4, 2024 Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee Meeting — Follow-up Briefing on GH Secretagogue Peptides. FDA-2024-N-4777-FOLLOWUP. https://www.fda.gov/media/183819/download
[18] Renehan AG, Zwahlen M, Minder C, O'Dwyer ST, Shalet SM, Egger M. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein-3, and cancer risk: systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Lancet. 2004;363(9418):1346-1353. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15110491/
[19] GH increases extracellular volume by stimulating sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11932310/
[20] Effects of a growth hormone-releasing hormone analog on endogenous GH pulsatility and insulin sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20943777/
[21] Granata R, Leone S, Zhang X, Gesmundo I, et al. Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2025;21(3):180-195. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39537825/
[22] Safety and efficacy of approved and unapproved peptide therapies for musculoskeletal conditions. Sports Med. 2026. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41966639/

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An independent editorial digest of the peer-reviewed CJC-1295 literature — not a clinic, not a vendor, not clinical counsel.